Dados do Trabalho

Título

GALLBLADDER CANCER IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN SOUTHWEST COLOMBIA

Introdução

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common cancer of the bile ducts and has been characterized by having a very poor prognosis when diagnosed in advanced stages with a five-year survival rate of around 5%. It is usually diagnosed late and the only possibility of cure is surgical resection.
Early detection (20%) becomes a great challenge because patients rarely present symptoms, with the majority of cases of gallbladder cancer being incidental findings after a cholecystectomy for symptomatic stones in the gallbladder.

Objetivo

a retrospective, descriptive and observational study was conducted, in which the medical records of patients undergoing delayed or emergency cholecystectomy and biopsies were reviewed to identify cases with a histological diagnosis of gallbladder cancer.

Método

822 medical records were reviewed with their respective pathologies of patients undergoing cholecystectomy at the University Hospital of the Valley between January 2015 and December 2020.

Resultados

The most common findings were Biliary Mud (31, 3.8%), Gallstones (521, 63.8%), Dysplasia (1, 0.1%), Cancer (20, 2.3%), Cholecystitis (709, 86.9%), Polyps (3, 0.4%), Metaplasia (1, 0.1%), Other (204, 25.0%).9%), Polyps (3, 0.4%), Metaplasia (1, 0.1%), Other (204, 25.0%) 20 patients were found with a diagnosis of gallbladder cancer incidence of 2.3%, where the most common pathological diagnoses were Adenocarcinoma (14, 70.0%), Ca. Squamous cell (0, 0.0%), Adenosquamous (3, 15.0%), Other (1, 5.0%), No data (2, 10.0%).

Conclusão

Gallbladder cancer is a disease with a very low frequency and its diagnosis in most cases continues to be a predominantly incidental finding, i.e. the diagnosis is established in the histopathological examination after cholecystectomy.
In our characterisation study at the University Hospital of the Valley, a review of 822 patients who had undergone cholecystectomy found 20 cases with a diagnosis of gallbladder cancer (2.3%), predominantly female (70%), with the most frequent variety being moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Most cases were diagnosed in advanced stages.
More knowledge is required for the early identification of this pathology with low incidence and prevalence but which reports a high mortality associated with the disease.